Statistics Syllabus

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Statistics ( Total Marks - 100 )

1. Basic Probability Axiomatic definition of probability, random variable, distribution function, probability density function, mathematical expectation; conditional probability, jointly distributed random variables, marginal and conditional distributions, conditional expectation, stochastic independence.
2. Some Special Distributions : Binomial, poisson. negative binomial, hypergeometric, normal distributions with their derivation of their mean and variance; Definition and Application of chisquare, "T" and 'F' distributions.
3. Statistical Inference: Maximum likelihood estimation of the mean and the variance of a normal population; confidence interval for mean, difference of means and for variance: testing hypothesis for the equality of two means (paired and unpaired observations); testing of equality of sever al means (ANOVA) and testing of variance and equality of two variance.
4. Correlation and regression: Simple linear regression model point and interval estimation of parameters, Simple Partial, Multiple Correlation and testing of these correlations.
5. Sampling, Simple random, stratified, systematic and cluster sampling, estimates of mean and total and their precision.
6. Applications of Statistics in social, economic and political problems public health, crimes, Law, social innovations economic development, socio-political inequality.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	Introduction to the Theory of Statistics	Mood, Graybill and Boes
2.	Mathematical Statistics	Freund
3.	Mathematical Statistics	Hood and Craig
4.	Sampling Techniques (3e)	Cochran and Cox
5.	Statistics: An Introductory Analysis	Yamane
6.	Statistics: A Guide to the Unknown	Tanur; Hudith (ed)

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Computer Science Syllabus

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Computer Science ( Total Marks - 100 )
Candidates will be asked to attempt total five questions including one compulsory objective type question. They will attempt atleast one question from each section. Each question will carry 20 marks.
Section A

• Computer Architecture
  Introduction to modern machine Architecture, Storage Hierarchy Main/ Virtual/ Cache/ Secondary Memory, CPU, ALU, Peripheral communication, Designing of Instruction set, Stored program concept. Introduction to parallel computing; SIMD/MIMD.
• Operating System
  Functions/Types of operating systems, Processes, Interprocess Communication/ Synchronization/Co-ordination, Process Scheduling Policies, Virtual Memory Management Techniques: Paging/Segmentation, File Management Systems.
• Computer Networks
  LAN/WAN/MAN, Communication channels, Internetworking, Internet, Network layer structure, ISO Internet Protocol, OSI/TCP/IP reference model.

Section B

• Structured and Object Oriented Programming
  Basics of C/C++ environment, memory concepts. operators, control structures, selection structures, Array & functions/methods, classes & data Abstractions, inheritance and polymorphism.
• Data Structures and Algorithms
  Pseudo language, Functions, Iteration, Recursion, Time/Complexity Analysis, Stacks Queue, hashing. linked list, Searching; Sequential. Binary, Soiling Algorithms, Graphs Algorithms, Tree Algorithms, Trees, ADTs, Implementation using Structured/object oriented languages.
• Software Engineering
  Introduction to Software Engineering, Software life cycle, Software Design Methodologies: Structured/Object oriented, Software documentation and Management, Introduction to CASE tools. SECTION - C Data Base Management Data Models, E-R Models, Relational Database concepts, SQL, Normalization, Database Design. Web Programming HTML, CGI, PERL, JAVA: Applet/Script, WWW, Web based unit face Design. Computer Graphics Fundamentals of input, display and hard copy devices, scan conversion of geometric primitives. 2D and 3D geometric transformations, clipping and windowing, scene modeling and animation, algorithms for visible and surface determination.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	Computer Concepts, 3rd Edition, ITP, 1998	J.J. Parsond & D. Oja
2.	Mathematical Structures for Computer Science, Freeman & Company	G.L. Gersting
3.	JavaScript: The Definitive Guide, 2/e, O'Reilly, 1997	D. Flanagan
4.	The HTML Sourcebook, Wiley, 1996	I.S. Graham
5.	Computer Science: An overview, 6/e, Addison-Wesley, 1998	J.G. Brookshear
6.	Java: An Object First Approach, Addison-Wesley, 1998	F. Culwin
7.	Web Page Scripting Techniques, Hayden Books, 1996	J. Bloomberg, J. Kawaski J. and P. Treffers
8.	Computer Organization and Architecture: Designing for Performance; 4/e, Prentice-Hall 1997	W. Stallings
9.	The Art of Computer Programming, Addison-Wesley;Vol. 1 Fundamental Algorithms, 3/e, 1997 Vol. 3 Sorting and Searching, 2/e, 1998	D.E. Knuth
10.	Algorithms and Data Structures, Prentice-Hall, 1985	N. Wirth
11.	Introduction to Database Systems, 6/e, Addison-Wesley 1996	C.J. Date
12.	Software Engineering, 6/e 1998	Ian Sommerville
13.	Software Engineering: A Practitioners Approach 4/e, McGraw-Hill, 1997	R. Pressman
14.	Computer Networks, 3rd Edition, Prentice-Hall, 1996	S. Tanenbaum
15.	Operating System Concepts, 4/e, Addison Wesley, 1996	Silberschatz & J. Peterson
16.	Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice, 2/e, Addison-Wesley 1996	Foly/Van Dam/ Feiner/Hughes
17.	Computer Networks and Internet, Prentice-Hall, 1998	D.E. Comer
18.	C++: How to Program, Prentice-Hall, 1998	H.M. Deitel, P.J. Deitel
19.	Database Processing, Fundamentals, Design Implementation; 4th edition, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York 1993	David M. Kropnke
20.	Data and Computer Communication, 5th Edition, Prentice-Hall International, 1997	W. Stallings

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Applied Mathematics Syllabus

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Applied Mathematics ( Total Marks - 200 )
Paper I ( Marks - 100 )
Candidates will be asked to attempt any two questions from Section A and any three questions from Section B.
Section A

• Vector Analysis
  Vector algebra, scalar and vector product of two or more vectors, Function of a scalar variable, Gradient, divergence and curl, Expansion formulae, curvilinear coordinates, Expansions for gradient, divergence and curl in orthogonal curvilinear coordinates, Line, surface and volume integrals, Green's, Stoke's and Gauss's theorms
• Statics
  Composition and resolution of forces, Parallel forces, and couples, Equilibrium of a system of coplanar forces, Centre of mass and centre of gravity of a system of particles and rigid bodies, Friction, Principle of virtual work and its applications, equilibrium of forces in three dimensions.

Section B

• Dynamics
  Tangential, normal, radial and transverse components of velocity and acceleration, Rectilinear motion with constant and variable acceleration, Simple harmonic motion, Work, Power and Energy, Conservative forces and principles of energy, Principles of linear and angular momentum, Motion of a projectile, Ranges on horizontal and inclined planes, Parabola of' safety. Motion under central forces, Apse and apsidal distances, Planetary orbits, Kepler's laws, Moments and products of inertia of particles and rigid bodies, Kinetic energy and angular momentum of a rigid body, Motion of rigid bodies, Compound pendulum, Impulsive motion, collision of two spheres and coefficient of restitution.

Paper II ( Marks - 100 )
Candidates will be asked to attempt any two questions from Section A. one question from Section B and two questions from Section C.
Section A

• Differential Equations 
  Linear differential equations with constant and variable coefficients, the power series method. Formation of partial differential equations. Types of integrals of partial differential equations. Partial differential equations of first order Partial differential equations with constant coefficients. Monge's method. Classification of partial differential equations of second order, Laplace's equation and its boundary value problems. Standard solutions of wave equation and equation of heat induction.

Section B

• Tensor
  Definition of tensors as invariant quantities. Coordinate transformations. Contravariant and covariant laws of transformation of the components of tensors. Addition and multiplication of tensors, Contraction and inner product of tensors The Kronecker delta and Levi-Civita symbol. The metric tensor in Cartesian, polar and other coordinates, covariant derivatives and the Christoffel symbols. The gradient. divergence and curl operators in tensor notation.

Section C

• Elements of Numerical Analysis
  Solution of non-linear equations, Use of x = g (x) form, Newton Raphson method, Solution of system of linear equations, Jacobi and Gauss Seidel Method, Numerical Integration, Trapezoidal and Simpson's rule. Regula falsi and interactive method for solving non-linear equation with convergence. Linear and Lagrange interpolation. Graphical solution of linear programming problems.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	Classical Mechanics	Goldstein
2.	Lactures on Ordinary Differential Equations	Hille, E.
3.	Lectures on Partial Differential Equations	Petrovosky, I.G.
4.	Mechanics	Symon, G.F.
5.	Mechanics	Ghori, Q. K.
6.	Mathematical Pyysics, An Advanced Course	Mikhin, S.G.
7.	Ordinary Differential Equations	Easthan, M.S.P.
8.	Principles of Mechanics	Synge and Griffith
9.	Principles of Mechanics	Hauser
10.	Partial Differential Equations	Sneddon, I.N.
11.	Theoratical Mechanics	Beckker
12.	Theoratical Mechanics	Bradsbury
13.	Theory of Ordinary Differential Equations	Goddirgton, E.A. and N. Livenision
14.	Vector and Tensor Methods, Cartesian Tensors	Charlton Jeffreya

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Pure Mathematics Syllabus

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Pure Mathematics ( Total Marks - 200 )
Paper I ( Total Marks - 100 )

• Candidates will he asked to attempt three questions from Section A and two questions from section B.

Section A
Modern Algebra

• Groups, subgroups, Languages Theorem, cyclic groups, normal sub groups, quotient groups, Fundamental theorem of homomorphism, Isomorphism theorems of groups, Inner automorphisms, Conjugate elements, conjugate subgroups, Commutator subgroups.
• Rings, Subrings, Integral domains, Quotient fields, Isomorphism theorems, Field extension and finite fields.
• Vector spaces, Linear independence, Bases, Dimension of a finitely generated space, Linear transformations, Matrices and their algebra, Reduction of matrices to their echelon form, Rank and nullity of a linear transformation.
• Solution of a system of homogeneous and non-homogeneous linear equations, Properties of determinants, Cayley-Hamilton theorem, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Reduction to canonical forms, specially diagonalisation.

Section B
Geometry

• Conic sections in Cartesian coordinates, Plane polar coordinates and their use to represent the straight line and conic sections, (artesian and spherical polar coordinates in three dimensions, The plane, the sphere, the ellipsoid, the paraboloid and the hyperbiloid in Cartesian and spherical polar coordinates.
• Vector equations for Plane and for space-curves. The arc length. The osculating plane. The tangent, normal and binormal, Curvature and torsion, Serre-Frenet's formulae, Vector equations for surfaces, The first and second fundamental forms, Normal, principal, Gaussian and mean curvatures,

Paper II ( Total Marks - 100 )
Candidates will be asked to attempt any three questions from Section A and two questions from Section B.
Section A
Calculus and Real Analysis

• Real Numbers, Limits, Continuity, Differentiabiliry, Indefinite integration, Mean value theorems, Taylor's theorem, Indeterminate forms, Asymptotes. Curve tracing, Definite integrals, Functions of several variables, Partial derivatives. Maxima and minima Jacobians, Double and triple integration (techniques only). Applications of Beta and Gamma func tions. Areas and Volumes. Riemann-Stieltje's integral, Improper integrals and their conditions of existences, Implicit function theorem, Absolute and conditional convergence of series of real terms, Rearrangement of series, Uniform convergence of series,
• Metric spaces, Open and closed spheres, Closure, Interior and Exterior of a set. Sequences in metric space, Cauchy sequence convergence of sequences, Examples, Complete metric spaces, Continuity in metric spaces, Properties of continuous functions,

Section B
Complex Analysis
Function of a complex variable: Demoiver's theorem and its applications, Analytic functions, Cauchy's theorem, Cauchy's integral formula, Taylor's and Laurent's series, Singularities, Cauchy residue theorem and contour integration, Fourier series and Fourier transforms, Analytic continuation.
Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	Advance Calculus	Kaplan, W.
2.	Analytical Function Theory Vol. I	Hille, E.
3.	An Introduction to Differential Geometry	Wilmore, T.S.
4.	Complex Analysis	Goodstein, G.R.G.
5.	Calculus with Analytical Geometry	Yusuf, S.M.
6.	Differential Geometry of Three Dimensions	Weatherburn, C.E.
7.	Elements of Complex Analysis	Pennisi, L.L.
8.	Theory of Groups	Majeed, A.
9.	Mathematical Methods	Yusuf, S.M.
10.	Mathematical Analysis	Apostal, T.M.
11.	Principles of Mathematical Analysis	Rudin, W.
12.	The Theory of Groups	Macdonald, I.N.
13.	Topics in Algebra	Herstein, I.N.

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Journalism Syllabus

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Journalism (Mass Communication) ( Total Marks - 100 )
Note: Candidate will be asked to attempt total five questions including one compulsory (objective type) question. They will attempt at least two questions from each Section. Short note within the question (without choice) can also be given.
Section A

• Concept and process of communication : Source, Message, Channel, Destination. Encoding, Decoding, Noise, Feedback Oral vs. Written Communication, Two step flow of Communication, Role of Opinion Leader.
• Information and Journalism--Functions : Scanning the Horizon and reporting back.
  1. News function
  2. Educational Function
  3. Opinion for motives
  4. Entertainment function
• Pakistan Press, An overview of the evolution of the Muslim Press in South Asia before 1947 and development of the Pakistan Press since 1947, its social economic aspect; Trends and Characteristics: Problems and Prospects.
• Mass Media Components, functions and effects, Mass Media in Pakistan: Size and dispersion: Role in national development, Prospects and problems.

Section B

• News. Principles and techniques of News writing. Editorial Definition, ingredients, Types and functions of writing of Editorials.
• Public Relations : Definition, Purpose and scope, Ethics, PR in Pakistan Duties of PRO: PR Procedures and Processes.
• Magazine Journalism: Mag-Journalism in Pakistan. Types, Functioning Purpose its social aspects and scope.
• Press Release, Press Note, and Press Communication: Definitions and Basic ingredients, Writing of Press Release, Press Note and Press Communique.
• Advertising: Definition, functions, types and purpose. Its social and economic aspects, principles of successful advertising.
• Press Laws: Press Laws in Pakistan (gradual developments) and the Right to Know concepts of press freedom and responsibility, Ethics of Journalism.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	Advertising Operations and Management	Beinton
2.	Contemporary Public Relations	Garkan Gene & Scott
3.	Communication in Power	Herbert Brucver
4.	Exploring Journalism	Wosley and Campbell
5.	Editor and Editorial Writing	A Gayle Waldrop
6.	Handbook of Public Relations	Stephenson, Howard
7.	Journalism in Pakistan	Dr. Abdus Salam Khurshid
8.	Mass Communication	Wilbur Schram
9.	Newspaper Organization and Management	Rucker
10.	Practical Newspaper Reporting	Geofrey Haris & David Spark
11.	Process and Effects of Mass Communication	Wilbur Schram
12.	Radio & T.V. Writing	Max Wylic
13.	Iblagh-e-Aama (Urdu)	Mehdi Hassan
14.	Sahafat Pakistan-o-Hind Mein (Urdu)	Dr. Abdus Salam Khurshid
15.	Fun-e-Idarat (Urdu)	Dr. Maskin Ali Hijazi
16.	Fun-e-Sahafat (Urdu)	Dr. Abdus Salam Khurshid
17.	Fun-e-Idaria Naweesi (Urdu)	Dr. Maskin Ali Hijazi

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Socialogy Syllabus

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Sociology ( Total Marks - 100 )

1. Individual, Culture and Society : Individual as a social product. The variety of social forms. Methods of socialization, Ethnocentricism, Norms and Values, Cultural Patterns, Varieties of sub-cultures.
2. Sociological Theory : The sociological perspectives- Evolutionary, order and conflict, Evolutionary Theorists : Ibn-i-Khaldun Spencer and Tannis, Order Theorists: August Comte, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, Conflict Theorists : George Hegel. Karl Mars. Lewis Coser, Mills.
3. Methods of Sociological Research: Research Design, Surveys, Participant Observation. Experiments, Case Studies.
4. Social Interaction : Significance of social classes. Forms of social classes-Tribes. Biradaris, Castes, Classes and Feudal system in Pakistan. Social Mobility-nature of social mobility. Mobility determinants in Pakistan society, Social immobility. Culture in poverty.
5. Social Control: Mechanisms of social control-internal and external means of social control. Alienation, Integration-integrative pat terns in Pakistani Society.
6. Social and Cultural Change and Social Policy Processes of Social and Cultural Change-discovery, invention, diffusion. Factors in the rate of social and culture change, Incentives and inhibitions to social and cultural change in Pakistan Social planning and directed social and cultural change.
7. Community: The rural community, Traditional Characteristics of rural life, The urban community. Rural-Urban convergence, Urbanism, Future of cities in Pakistan.
8. Social Institutions: The nature and genesis of institutions, the process of institutions, Functions and Trade of Social Institutions, Family, Religion, Educational, Economic and Political Institutions.
9. Social Problems in Pakistan: Population Growth. Demographic Transition: Deviant Behaviour, Institutionalised evasions, social conflicts, internal and international Migration, Aging, Drug abuse, Prostitution. Smuggling, Illiteracy and Poverty.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	Anthropology: The Study of Man	Adamson Hoebel, E.
2.	Pakistani Society	Akbar Ahmed, S.
3.	Contemporary Social Problems	Robert K. Merton
4.	Contemporary Sociological Theories	Pitrim Sorokin
5.	Family in Asia	Man Singh Das & Pahos D. Bardis
6.	Ibn-i-Khaldun: His Life and Works	M. Abdullah Enan
7.	Master of Sociological Thought	Lewis A. Coser
8.	Master of Sociological Thought	M. Iqbal Chaudhry
9.	Sociology	Ogburn & Nimkoff
10.	Strategies in Social Research	Smith, H.W.
11.	Sociology; Role & Relationship	Smith, H.W.
12.	Social Problems	Jon. M. Shepard & Voss
13.	Social Problems	Robert Nisbet
14.	Feudal System in Pakistan	Nawab Haider Naqvi
15.	The Sociology of Rural Life	Lynn Smith, T.
16.	The Sociology of Social Problems	Horton & Leslie
17.	The Sociology of Religion	Max Weber

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Forestry Syllabus

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Forestry ( Total Marks - 100 )

• Ecology and Gcneral Silvicullure.
• Forest Statistics, Mensuration and Research Methods.
• Forest Management and Economics.
• Water Shed Management.
• Range Management
• Forests surveying and Engineering.
• Forest Policy, Law and Protection.
• Forest Biology, Wildlife and Natural Park Management.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	Manual of Silviculture for Pakistan	Champion. Seth & Khattak, G.M.
2.	Forest Types of Pakistan	Champion. Seth & Khattak, G.M.
3.	Principles of Silviculture	Daniel. T.W. Helms & Baker
4.	Plant & Environment	Daubenmire, R.
5.	Elementary Forest Mensuration	Jerram. M.R.K.
6.	Natural Resources Measurement	Avery. T.E.
7.	Forest Management	Khattak. G.M.
8.	Fundamental of Forestry Economics	Duerr. WA.
9.	Surveying and Levelling	Kanetkar, T.P. and Kulkarni
10.	Rasul Manual for Subordinate Engineers, Surveying Part-I	Anon
11.	Material of Construction	Syed. Z.H,
12.	Forest Engineering (Roads & Bridges)	Hanison. J. L.
13.	The Pakistan Forest Act, 1927
14.	Principles of Forest Policy	Worrell
15.	Forest Protection	Hawley & Stickle
16.	Forests & Forestry in Pakistan	Sheikh, M. I. & Hafeez. M.
17.	Range Management	Stoodart. Smith and Box
18.	Vegetation & Watershed Management	Colinan. E.A.

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Agriculture Syllabus

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Agriculture ( Total Marks - 100 )

1. Natural Resources (Land, Water, Biological. Environmental. Solar and energy) as bases for agricultural production. Agriculture as integrated system of components like Crops, Livestock, Fisheries, Forestry. Range Management. Socio-economics etc. Role of research and newer technologies in current and future agriculture in Pakistan.
2. Elements of climate and their relationship with crop growth. Factors of soil, Soil formation and development of soil profile, Soil texture and structure and their management, Soil fertility and fertilizer requirement of various soils and crops, Role of organic matter in soil Water requirements' of crops and water use efficiency. Cropping pattern and crop relations. Systems and types of farming; Nature, formation and reclamation of salt affected and water-logged soil, Soil erosion and conservation.
3. Physiology of Growth and development, growth curves, growth regions, RGR, NAR and LAR in relation to biomass production. Seed growth and assimilate partitioning, Harvest index. Photoperiodic and thermoperiodic responses of crop plants, photorespiration, Nitrogen fixation, Nitrogen cycle, factors affecting bioligical N fixation.
4. The modern concept of genetics, gene and gene function, application of genetics for the improvement of crops.
5. Modern concept of Horticultural industry, Plant propagation, Major management and breeding problems in fruits and vegetables.
6. Pests arid diseases of agricultural crops, Principles and methods of pest and diseases control, Pesticides-their application and action, Modern concept and principles of insect pest management.
7. Role of agriculture in the national economy, Agricultural mechanization, Land tenure and Land reforms, Population problems of rural Pakistan, Major issues in agriculture and agricultural development in Pakistan.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	Agriculture in India Vol. I & II	Kamar, L.S.S.
2.	An Introduction to Tropical Agriculture	Temporary H&D Grit, H.
3.	A treatile in Horticulture	Gilani, M.A.
4.	An Introduction to Animal Husbandry	King Black Well, J.O.L
5.	Breading Field Crops	Poehlman
6.	Disease of Field Crops	Dickenson, J.G.
7.	Agricultural Insects, Pests of Tropics and their control	Hill, S.D.
8.	Forest Ecology	Spurr, S.H.
9.	Fundamentals of Soil Science	Foth
10.	Irrigation Principles and Practicals	Isrealson, O.W.
11.	Manual of Plant Production	Abdul Manan
12.	Principles of Agronomy	Mudliar, W.T.S.
13.	Principles of Field Crop Production	Martin J.H. & Leonard W.H.
14.	Principles of Genetics	Gardner, E.J.
15.	Physiology of Crop Plants	Gardner, Peares and Mitchal
16.	The Nature and Properties of Soil	Buckman, H.O. & Bready N.C.
17.	Physiology of Growth and Development	Willking
18.	Plant Pathology	Agrioes, G.N.

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Political Sciences Syllabus

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Political Science ( Total Marks - 200 )
Paper I ( Marks-100 )
Part 'A'
Political Theory

1. Western Political Thought
   Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Montesquieu, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Bentham, Mill, Marx, Lenin, Mao
2. Muslim Political Thought
   AI-Farabi, Al-Mawardi, Nizam-ul-Mulik Tusi, Al-Ghazali, Ibn-I-Khaldun, Iqbal

Part 'B'

1. The nature and emergence of Modern state system, Islamic concept of state.
2. Political concepts, Sovereignty, Law, Liberty, Equality, Rights and Duties.
3. Political Dynamics: Public Opinion, Propaganda, Political Parties, Pressure Groups.
4. Political Institutions: Legislature, Executive, Judiciary. Political Elites, Civil and Military Bureaucracy.
5. Forms of Government: Monarchy, Democracy. Dictatorship Unitary and Federal, Presidential and Parliamentary.
6. Totalitarianism: Fascism, Communism.
7. Local Self-government: Theory and Practice with special reference to Pakistan.

Paper II (Marks - 100)
Part 'A'

• Selected Political Systems: Nature and dynamics of major political institutions in U.S.A., U.K., France and Former Soviet Union,

Part 'B'

• Political Systems of developing countries: Turkey, Iran, India and China.
• Rise of Muslim Nationalism in South Asia with special reference to the role of Sir Syed Abmed Khan, lqbal and Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah.
• A comparative and critical analysis of the 1956, 1962, 1973 and 1985 Constitutions of Pakistan.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	History of Muslim Philosophy	M.M. Sharif
2.	Constitutional Development in Pakistan	G.W. Choudhry
3.	Comparative Politics; A World View	Almond & Powell
4.	Contemporary Political Analysis	Garles Worth James
5.	Government & Parliament: A Survey from the Inside	Herbert Morrison
6.	Government and Politics in Pakistan	Mushtaq Ahmed
7.	History of Political Theory	George H. Sabine
8.	History of Political Theories	William A. Dunning
9.	Political Thought in Medieval Islam	Rosenthal
10.	Modern Islamic State	Rosenthal
11.	Political Thought in Perspective	William Edenstein
12.	Pattern of Government	Samuel H. Beer & Adam B. Ullam
13.	Pakistan: A Political Study	Keith Callard
14.	Politics, Parties and Pressure Groups	V.O. Key Jr.
15.	Modern Political Systems: Asia	Roy, C. Macradis (ed)
16.	Politics in Pakistan: Nature and Direction of Change	Khalid Bin Sayeed
17.	Reflection on Government	Earnest Barker
18.	South-East Asia Political System	Lucian W. Pye
19.	The Political System of Pakistan	Khalid Bin Sayeed
20.	Nizam-ul-Mulk Tusi, Published by Muhammad Ashraf, Lahore, 1978	Rizvi, S. Rizwan Ali
21.	Nizam-ul-Mulk Tusi (Urdu), Karachi University 1995	Prof. Dr. Rizwan Ali Rizvi

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Public Administration

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Public Administration ( Total Marks - 100 )

1. Public Administration -Its nature and scope, the role of Public Administration in a modern Welfare State.
2. Major Schools of thought in Administration, Scientific Management Movement Human Relationalists; Behavioural School; Systemic theory.
3. Bureaucracy,- Concept of Bureaucracy, Theories of Bureaucracy, Ecology of Bureaucracy; Bureaucracy of Pakistan as a Chang Agent.
4. Administrative Leadership,- Approaches to the study of Leadership, Forms of Leadership, Leadership qualities.
5. Administrative Accountability,- Internal and External Controls; Executive Control, Legislative Control, Judicial Control, Ombudsman, Public Opinion and Pressure Groups; Problems of Administrative, Accountability in Pakistan.
6. Planning, -Types of Plans, Planning Process; Principles of Planning, Planning Machinery; the system of planning and programming in Pakistan, Planning Machinery in Pakistan.
7. Organization, -Types of Organization. Theories of Organization, Principle of Organization, The Organization of Federal and Provincial Governments in Pakistan, Public Corporations in Pakistan.
8. Personnel Administration,-Nature and scope of Personnel Administration; Personnel Functions. Tools of Personnel Management, Salient Features of the system of Public Personnel Management in Pakistan.
9. Controlling and Co-ordination - Forms of Controls, Control Mechanism, the process of Control, Principles of Controlling: Principles of Coordination; Machinery for Coordination; Problems of Coordination in Public Administration in Pakistan.
10. Communication, Types of Communication, Communication Channels, Communication Process, Principles of Communication.
11. Financial Administration, - Elements of Financial Administration. Performance and programmed Budgeting. Capital Budget, Principles of Budgeting, Auditing and Accounting.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	A Handbook of Public Relations	United Nations
2.	An Introduction to the Public Administration	E.N. Cladden
3.	Administrative Behaviour	Herbet, A. Simon
4.	Bureaucracy: Modern Society	Pebr, M. Blau
5.	Human Relations Administration	Robert Dubir
6.	An Introduction to the Study of Public Administration	L.D. White
7.	Public Administration	Simon, Smithuburg & Thompson
8.	Public Administration	Pfiffner and Presthus
9.	Public Administration for a Welfare State	Paul Abbleby
10.	Public Administration; Theory and Practice	Fesler, James W.
11.	Pakistan in Search of Democracy 1947-77	Yusuf, Hamid
12.	Pakistan: The Enigma of Political Development	Ziring, Lawrence
13.	Research on the Bureaucracy of Pakistan	Braibanti, Ralph
14.	The Human Side of Enterprize	Douglas Mc Gregor
15.	The Bureaucracy of Pakistan	Charles F. Kennedy

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Business Administration

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Business Administration ( Total Marks - 100 )

Candidates will he asked to attempt total Five questions including one compulsory (objective type) question. They will attempt at least one question (out of two) from each part. Short note within the question (with-omit choice) can also he given.

Part I

Management

1. Nature And Scope of Management-Different Schools of thought.
2. Planning - Planning process; Planning tools; Change Management.
3. Organisation - Type of Organisation; Theory of Organisation; Group dynamics ; Staffing.
4. Actuating-Leading; Approaches to Leadership-Coordinating: Communicating; Motivating.
5. Controlling-Budgetary Control; Budgetary process.

Part II
Principles of Marketing

1. An overview of Marketing.
2. Marketing's Role in Society and inside a Firm.
3. Environment of Marketing.
4. Strategic Planning and Marketing.
5. Marketing Mix i.e. Product, Pricing, Place (Distribution, Channels), Wholesaling, Retailing, Sales Promotion (Advertising, Public Relations).
6. Global Marketing.

Part III
Financial Management

1. Nature and Scope of Financial Management
2. Interpretation of Financial Statement-Ratio analysis, Trend analysis-Common size analysis.
3. Time Value of Money-Concept of TVM; Net Present Value; Pay Back period; Internal rate of return.
4. Working Capital Management - Cash Management; Receivable Management; Inventory Management.
5. Port Folio Management-Types of Investment; Financial Securities; Diversification of Risk.
6. Accounting - Accounting Cycles, Preparation of Financial Statements; Balance Sheet, Income Statement.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	Management	Robins Stephen P.
2.	The New Management	Robert M. Fulmer
3.	Management	Horold Koontz and Heinz Weihrich
4.	Management	James A. F. Stoner and Charles Wanke
5.	Management	Arthur G. Bedeian
6.	Marketing Management	Philip Kotler
7.	Fundamentals of Marketing	William J. Stanton
8.	Marketing	Joel R. Evans
9.	Marketing	Courtland L. Bovee
10.	Putting Total Quality Management at Work	Marshal Sashkin and Kenneth J. Kiser
11.	Fundamentals of Financial Management	Van Horn
12.	Essentials of Managerial Finance	J. Fred Weston, Eugene & Brigham
13.	Financial Management	Gitt Man

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Economics Syllabus

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Economics ( Total Marks - 200 )

Paper I ( Marks-100 )

1. Micro Economics
   Consumer behaviour. Determination of market demand and supply, theory of the Firm, Producer's equilibrium, Pricing of the factors of production.
2. Macro Economics
   Basic Economic Concepts. National Income Accounting, Consumption Function and Multiplier, Determination of equilibrium level of income and output, Inflation.
3. Money and Banking
   Functions of Money. Quantity Theory of Money, The Fisher and Cambridge Formulations. Systems of note issue, Credit Creation, Functions of Central Banks, Instruments of credit control, Theory of Liquidity Preference.
4. Public Financing
   Government expenditure. Sources of Government Revenue, Types of taxes, Incidence of different taxes, Public Debt, Objectives, methods of repayment. Deficit financing.
5. International Trade
   Theory of Comparative costs, Arguments for Protection, Balance of payments, International liquidity. International Money and Banking Institutions.

Paper II ( Marks-100 )
Pakistan's Economy

1. Definition and measurement of Development. Characteristics of under development, Rethinking on the concept of Development Growth vs. Redistributive justice, Absolute and Relative Poverty, Basic Needs Approach.
2. Planning Experience of Pakistan : A critical evaluation of the strategy of economic planning.
3. Agricultural Development in Pakistan Changes in Agricultural Policies over plan periods, Major Monetary and Fiscal measures to promote Agricultural development, Green Revolution Strategy and its implications for growth and redistribution, Land Reforms and changes in the Tenure System l950-1980. Cooperative Farming.
4. Industrial Development in Pakistan Early industrialisation strategy, Creation of Financial and Development Institutions, Major monetary and fiscal measures to promote industrial development. Changing role of public sector over the plan periods, Evaluation of Nationalisation Policy Concentration of industrial income and wealth.
5. Role of Foreign Trade and Aid in economic development, Trends in Pakistan's Balance of Payments, Changes in direction of trade, Trends in Pakistan's major exports and imports, Causes of significant changes in the trends, the role of migration and remittances in Pakistan's economy, costs and benefits of Foreign Aid.
6. Privatization, denational isation And deregulation, conceptual and operational aspects, International comparisons.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	A Text-book of Economic Theory	Stonier & Hague
2.	Economic Development in the Third World	Todaro, M.P.
3.	Under Development and Agrarian Structure in Pakistan	Khan, Mahmood Hassan
4.	Economic of Islam	Ahmed, S.M.
5.	Economics	Paul, A. Samuelson
6.	Factors in Economic Development	Cairncross, A.K.
7.	Foreign Aid Theory and Practice in Southern Asia	Wolf, Jr. DC
8.	Government Finance - An Economic Analysis	Due John, F.
9.	Introduction to Internation Economics	Snider, D.A.
10.	Microeconomic Theory	Ferguson, C.E. & Gould J.P.
11.	Modern Microeconomics	Koutsoyiannis, A.
12.	Microeconomics	Rudigar Dorubush & Stanley Fisher
13.	Population Problems	Theomson & Lewis
14.	Studies in Economic Development with Special reference to Pakistan	Gouse, A.
15.	The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money	Keynes, J.M.
16.	The Economics of Developing Countries	Hynit, H.

Note: The candidates should be familiar with Pakistan Economic Survey, Government of Pakistan, Five Year Plans, Government of Pakistan World Development Reports.


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Pakistan will Win the World Cup, Waqar Younas and Shahid Afridi asking for prayers

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Pakistan VS India Semi Final on 30 March - Highlights of Last game played at Mohali b/w Pak & India

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Accounting & Auditing Syllabus

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Accountancy and Auditing ( Total Marks - 200 )

PAPER I (Marks-100)

ACCOUNTING

Principles of Accounting and their applications to all types of Business Organizations Banking, Insurance, Investment, Trading and Industrial Concerns, Accounting for non-profit Organisations. Work-sheet. Financial statements, Financial Reporting, Financial Analysis and Budgeting, Depreciation, Partnership.

Note-Accounting for Executors, Trustees of Deceased Persons, Liquidators, Receivers, Official Agencies, Assignees etc. and Accounting for Multinational Corporation will not be included.

PAPER II (Marks-100)

1. Cost Accounting
   Principles of Cost Accounting, Relationship of Cost Accounting to Financial Accounting, Cost Accounting as a tool of management-use of Cost information, Cost flow, Cost elements, Costs classification. Process Cost and job-order Cost Accounting, Costing for Joint and by-Products. Standard Cost Accounting, reconciliation of Financial Accounts with Cost Accounts.
2. Auditing
   Principles of Auditing, The Accounting System, Its importance to lndependent Audit, Internal Control, Internal Audit. Rights and Duties of Auditors. Professional Liabilities of an Auditor. Application of Auditing Principles and Techniques to all Types of Trading, Commercial. Industrial, Banking, Insurance and Investment under-takings, Audit programme. Special Audit Investigation of actual or suspected Frauds, Limitations of Audit, Audit Report, Certificates and Opinion as required under Companies Act, Securities Exchange Authority Rules. Auditing and EDP Systems.
3. Income Tax
   Principles for Computing total income and total world income for purposes of Income Tax, Self Assessment. Specialised knowledge of Income Tax will not be expected. Candidates will be required to have a sound grasp of the provisions of Section 10 of the Income Tax Act and a working knowledge-only of Sections 9(1), 15, 16(1), 17(1) 19(1), (2), (a), 30(1) & (2). 31(1) 11 No. Schedule (Item No. 66 & 71 to 75) 39(1) & (a) 49, 69(4) 12(II), 1st Schedule 53(1), 55(1), 56, 61, 59(1), 60, 62, 68. 12(2) and the connected rules of the Income Tax Ordinance 1979 as amended todate.
4. Business Organization and Finance
   Nature and Scope of Business Organization, Forms of Business Organization-Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Joint Stock Company, Cooperative Society, Company Promotion and Management, Insurance, business Combinations, Principles of Business Finance, Short Term, Intermediate Term and Long Term financing, expansion and contraction, Ratio analysis-Sources and flow, statement, Role of Financial Institutions.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	Accountancy	Pickles, W.
2.	Advanced Accounting Vol. I & II	Muin-ud-Din
3.	Book Keeping and Accounts	Big, W.S.
4.	Principles and Practice of Book Keeping and Accounts	Vickery, B.G.
5.	Cost Accounting, Planning and Control	Matz and Usry
6.	Cost Accounting	Nisar-ud-Din
7.	Cost Accounting	S. Qavi Ahmed
8.	Auditing	Dicksee, L.R.
9.	Companies Act 1984
10.	Practical Auditing	Spiecer and Pegler
11.	Principles and Procedure of Auditing	Kh. Amjad Saeed
12.	Income Tax Ordinance 1979 (amended to date)
13.	Income Tax Law (Latest edition)	Kh. Amjad Saeed
14.	Business Organization	Nisar-ud-Din
15.	Principles and Practice of Commerce	Stephenson
16.	Basic Business Finance	Hunt, Williams and Donaldson
17.	Income Tax Law Vol. I & II (Latest edition)	Luqman Baig

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Pakistan Affairs Syllabus

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Pakistan Affairs Compulsory ( Total Marks - 100 )

1. Evolution and growth of Muslim Society in the Sub-continent.
2. Ideology of Pakistan-Definition and Elucidation. Historical aspects Muslim rule in the sub-continent, its downfall and efforts of Renaissance. Movements for reforms-Sheikh Ahmed Sarhindi, Shah Waliullah, Aligarh, Deoband, Na&wah, Anjarnun Hamiat-e-Islam and other Educational Institutions- Sind Madressah and Islamia College Peshawar. Ideology of Pakistan in the lights of speeches and sayings of Allama Iqhal and Quaid-i-Azam
3. Pakistan Movement-Historical developments, important event. role of various individuals, communities and groups.
4. Political Developments in Pakistan since 1947 and efforts for pro mulgation of Islamic system.
5. Land and People of Pakistan-Geography. Society. Natural resources. Agriculture, Industry, Education with reference to characteris tics, trends and problems.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	Ideological Orientations of Pakistan	Al Mujahid, Sharif
2.	Letters of Iqbal to Jinnah	Iqbal, Mohammad
3.	Muslim Separatism in India and Pakistan	Hamid, Abdul
4.	Modern Muslim India and the birth of Pakistan	Ikram, S. M.
5.	Quaid-i-Azam and Pakistan	Dani, Ahmed Hassan
6.	Struggle for Pakistan	Qureshi, I. H.
7.	The case for Pakistan	Rafiq, Afzal M.
8.	The Making of Pakistan	Aziz, K. K.
9.	The Muslim Community of the Indo-Pakistan Sub-continent	Qureshi, I. H.
10.	The Emergence of Pakistan	Mohammad Ali Ch.
11.	Towards Pakistan	Waheed-uz-Zaman
12.	Pakistan A study of Political Development 1947-97	Hamid Yusuf
13.	Ulema in Politics	Qureshi, I. H.
14.	World Scholars on Quaid-i-Azam	Dani, Ahmed Hassan

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