Economics Syllabus

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Economics ( Total Marks - 200 )

Paper I ( Marks-100 )

1. Micro Economics
   Consumer behaviour. Determination of market demand and supply, theory of the Firm, Producer's equilibrium, Pricing of the factors of production.
2. Macro Economics
   Basic Economic Concepts. National Income Accounting, Consumption Function and Multiplier, Determination of equilibrium level of income and output, Inflation.
3. Money and Banking
   Functions of Money. Quantity Theory of Money, The Fisher and Cambridge Formulations. Systems of note issue, Credit Creation, Functions of Central Banks, Instruments of credit control, Theory of Liquidity Preference.
4. Public Financing
   Government expenditure. Sources of Government Revenue, Types of taxes, Incidence of different taxes, Public Debt, Objectives, methods of repayment. Deficit financing.
5. International Trade
   Theory of Comparative costs, Arguments for Protection, Balance of payments, International liquidity. International Money and Banking Institutions.

Paper II ( Marks-100 )
Pakistan's Economy

1. Definition and measurement of Development. Characteristics of under development, Rethinking on the concept of Development Growth vs. Redistributive justice, Absolute and Relative Poverty, Basic Needs Approach.
2. Planning Experience of Pakistan : A critical evaluation of the strategy of economic planning.
3. Agricultural Development in Pakistan Changes in Agricultural Policies over plan periods, Major Monetary and Fiscal measures to promote Agricultural development, Green Revolution Strategy and its implications for growth and redistribution, Land Reforms and changes in the Tenure System l950-1980. Cooperative Farming.
4. Industrial Development in Pakistan Early industrialisation strategy, Creation of Financial and Development Institutions, Major monetary and fiscal measures to promote industrial development. Changing role of public sector over the plan periods, Evaluation of Nationalisation Policy Concentration of industrial income and wealth.
5. Role of Foreign Trade and Aid in economic development, Trends in Pakistan's Balance of Payments, Changes in direction of trade, Trends in Pakistan's major exports and imports, Causes of significant changes in the trends, the role of migration and remittances in Pakistan's economy, costs and benefits of Foreign Aid.
6. Privatization, denational isation And deregulation, conceptual and operational aspects, International comparisons.

Suggested Readings

	Title	Author
1.	A Text-book of Economic Theory	Stonier & Hague
2.	Economic Development in the Third World	Todaro, M.P.
3.	Under Development and Agrarian Structure in Pakistan	Khan, Mahmood Hassan
4.	Economic of Islam	Ahmed, S.M.
5.	Economics	Paul, A. Samuelson
6.	Factors in Economic Development	Cairncross, A.K.
7.	Foreign Aid Theory and Practice in Southern Asia	Wolf, Jr. DC
8.	Government Finance - An Economic Analysis	Due John, F.
9.	Introduction to Internation Economics	Snider, D.A.
10.	Microeconomic Theory	Ferguson, C.E. & Gould J.P.
11.	Modern Microeconomics	Koutsoyiannis, A.
12.	Microeconomics	Rudigar Dorubush & Stanley Fisher
13.	Population Problems	Theomson & Lewis
14.	Studies in Economic Development with Special reference to Pakistan	Gouse, A.
15.	The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money	Keynes, J.M.
16.	The Economics of Developing Countries	Hynit, H.

Note: The candidates should be familiar with Pakistan Economic Survey, Government of Pakistan, Five Year Plans, Government of Pakistan World Development Reports.


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